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The history of the Jews in Jordan can be traced back to Biblical times when much of the land that is now Jordan was part of the Land of Israel. ==Israelite tribes== (詳細はHebrew Bible three of the Israelites' ancient tribes lived in the territory that is today known as Jordan: the Tribe of Reuben, the Tribe of Gad and the Tribe of Manasseh. All three tribes were said to be located to the immediate east of the Jordan River valley. A nation related to the Jews, the Edomites or Idumaeans resided in present-day southern Jordan, between the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba. Following the restoration of Jewish independence under the Hasmoneans, the land of Edom was annexed to the Jewish kingdom known in Latin as Iudaea Province. Judas Maccabeus conquered this territory for a time around 163 BCE.〔Josephus, "Ant." xii. 8, §§ 1, 6〕 The Edomites were again subdued by John Hyrcanus (c. 125 BCE), who forced them to observe Jewish rites and laws.〔ib. xiii. 9, § 1; xiv. 4, § 4〕 They were then incorporated into the Jewish nation. The Hasmonean official Antipater the Idumaean was of Edomite/Idumean origin. He was the progenitor of the Herodian Dynasty that ruled Judea after the Roman conquest. When Herod the Great became king, Idumaea was ruled for him by a series of governors, among whom were his brother Joseph Antipater and his brother-in-law Costobarus. Immediately before the siege of Jerusalem by Titus, 20,000 Idumaeans, under the leadership of John, Simeon, Phinehas, and Jacob, appeared before Jerusalem to fight on behalf of the Zealots who were besieged in the Second Temple.〔Josephus, ''Jewish Wars'' iv. 4, § 5〕 After the Jewish-Roman wars the Idumaean people are no longer mentioned in history, though the geographical region of "Idumaea" was still referred to at the time of St. Jerome. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the Jews in Jordan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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